Abstract: Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the most common complication of cataract surgery, the progression of PCO is closely related with specific gene expression. Epigenetics refers to the heritable changes and genetic modifications without a change in the DNA sequence itself, including aberrant DNA methylation, histone modification patterns and noncoding RNA regulation. In vivo and in vitro studies have found that DNA methyltransferaseinhibitor, histone deacetylaseinhibitor and noncoding RNA regulation are involved in the progression of PCO and its phenotypic changes.